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| Functional
Rehabilitation |
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Musculo-skeletal
problems
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These may affect muscles, joints,
tendons, ligaments and/or nerves. Usually result of trauma or
develop over time due to overuse.
Some examples include fractures, cut tendon, joint subluxation
or dislocation, carpal tunnel injury, tennis elbow, back pain,
neck and shoulder pain, etc.
Treatment may involve: |
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- Immobilization of injured
parts in an appropriate position, such as splints, to allow
for healing. Splints maybe used and maybe static or dynamic,
depending on the injury. Different injuries would have
different protocol for time of wearing the splints and
duration required.
- Physiotherapy modalities
would be engaged to promote soft tissue healing and
reduction of pain.
- Passive mobilization
would be required if there is joint stiffness or
contracture, in order to maintain joint range of movement.
Myofascial release would also be useful.
- Active mobilization as
soon as possible would be needed to maintain active range of
mobililsation and reduce complications, such as Disuse
Atrophy.
- Strengthening of injured
limbs would be needed to restore strength and balanced use
of whole body and prevent compensatory weakness or
deformity.
- Gait training and balance
and advanced balance training is required for lower limb
involvement.
- Upper limb coordination
and finger dexterity is required for upper limb and hand
injury.
- Functional training will
be conducted for optimal function. (such as walking,
standing, stooping, squatting, reaching, running, balancing,
climbing, eye-hand or eye-hand-foot coordination, finger
dexterity, pushing, pulling, lifting, carrying, etc.)
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Some conditions are chronic, and
have long term dysfunction, such as spinal injury resulting in
paraplegia/tetraplegia, or chronic back and neck pain. These,
apart from rehabilitation for restoring and maintaining
function, would have further needs, such as: |
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- Recommendation of
assistive devices, e.g. wheelchair (manual/powered, both
hands/unilateral etc), hoists, hospital beds,
cushions/mattress for prevention of pressure sores, bath
chair/shower stretcher, feeding aids, micro-switch, standing
equipment, etc.
- Recommendation of
consumables, e.g. for incontinence, for wound care, for
feeding, etc.
- Modification of
environment, including home, work and/or leisure.
- Recommendation of care
and attention.
- Psychological support.
- Case Management.
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